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Physiographic Evolution
Physiographic evolution explains how India’s landforms developed through tectonic shifts, continental drift, Himalayan uplift, erosion, and sedimentation, shaping the nation’s diverse physical features over geological time.
1. Origin of the Indian Landmass
India was once part of Gondwanaland, a southern supercontinent.
Breakup began around 180 million years ago, initiating continental drift.
2. Northward Drift of the Indian Plate
The Indian Plate moved rapidly northwards.
Collision with the Eurasia...
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